Somatic evolution of cells inside the physique is well-known to result in cancers. However, unfold of somatic mutations inside a tissue over time can also contribute to the pathogenesis of non-neoplastic diseases. Recent years have seen the publication of many research aiming to characterize somatic evolution in wholesome tissues. A logical subsequent step is to increase such work to diseased situations.
As our understanding of the interaction between somatic mutations and non-neoplastic illness grows, alternatives for the joint research of germline and somatic variants will current themselves. Here, we current our ideas on the utility of somatic mutations for understanding each the causes and penalties of widespread complex illness and the challenges that stay for the joint research of the soma and germline.
Insights into the biology and therapeutic implications of TNF and regulatory T cells
Treatments that block tumour necrosis issue (TNF) have main helpful results in a number of autoimmune and rheumatic diseases, together with rheumatoid arthritis. However, some sufferers don’t reply to TNF inhibitor therapy and uncommon occurrences of paradoxical illness exacerbation have been reported. These limitations on the scientific efficacy of TNF inhibitors could be defined by the variations between TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2 signalling and by the various results of TNF on a number of immune cells, together with FOXP3+ regulatory T cells.
This fundamental information sheds gentle on the penalties of TNF inhibitor therapies on regulatory T cells in handled sufferers and on the limitations of such therapy in the management of diseases with an autoimmune element. Accordingly, the subsequent technology of medication focusing on TNF is prone to be based mostly on brokers that selectively block the binding of TNF to TNFR1 and on TNFR2 agonists. These approaches might enhance the therapy of rheumatic diseases in the future.
The molecular biology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: translational challenges and scientific views
Pancreatic most cancers is an more and more widespread trigger of most cancers mortality with a good correspondence between illness mortality and incidence. Furthermore, it’s normally recognized at a sophisticated stage with a really dismal prognosis. Due to the excessive heterogeneity, metabolic reprogramming, and dense stromal surroundings related to pancreatic most cancers, sufferers profit little from present standard remedy. Recent perception into the biology and genetics of pancreatic most cancers has supported its molecular classification, thus increasing scientific therapeutic choices.
In this evaluate, we summarize how the organic options of pancreatic most cancers and its metabolic reprogramming in addition to the tumor microenvironment regulate its improvement and development. We additional focus on potential biomarkers for pancreatic most cancers prognosis, prediction, and surveillance based mostly on novel liquid biopsies.
We additionally define latest advances in defining pancreatic most cancers subtypes and subtype-specific therapeutic responses and present preclinical therapeutic fashions. Finally, we focus on prospects and challenges in the scientific improvement of pancreatic most cancers therapeutics.
Recent Advances in Molecular Biology of Human Bocavirus 1 and Its Applications
Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) was found in human nasopharyngeal specimens in 2005. It is an autonomous human parvovirus and causes acute respiratory tract infections in younger kids. HBoV1 infects properly differentiated or polarized human airway epithelial cells in vitro. Unique amongst all parvoviruses, HBoV1 expresses 6 non-structural proteins, NS1, NS1-70, NS2, NS3, NS4, and NP1, and a viral non-coding RNA (BocaSR), and three structural proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3.
The BocaSR is the first recognized RNA polymerase III (Pol III) transcribed viral non-coding RNA in small DNA viruses. It performs an important position in regulation of viral gene expression and a direct position in viral DNA replication in the nucleus. HBoV1 genome replication in the polarized/non-dividing airway epithelial cells will depend on the DNA harm and DNA restore pathways and includes error-free Y-family DNA restore DNA polymerase (Pol) η and Pol κ.
Importantly, HBoV1 is a helper virus for the replication of dependoparvovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV), in polarized human airway epithelial cells, and HBoV1 gene merchandise assist wild-type AAV replication and recombinant AAV (rAAV) manufacturing in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. More importantly, the HBoV1 capsid is ready to pseudopackage an rAAV2 or rHBoV1 genome, producing the rAAV2/HBoV1 or rHBoV1 vector.
The HBoV1 capsid based mostly rAAV vector has a excessive tropism for human airway epithelia. A deeper understanding in HBoV1 replication and gene expression will assist discover a higher solution to produce the rAAV vector and to extend the efficacy of gene supply utilizing the rAAV2/HBoV1 or rHBoV1 vector, particularly, to human airways. This evaluate summarizes the latest advances in gene expression and replication of HBoV1, in addition to the use of HBoV1 as a parvoviral vector for gene supply.
Engineering the bilayer: Emerging genetic software kits for mechanistic lipid biology
The structural range of lipids underpins the biophysical properties of mobile membranes, which differ throughout all scales of organic group. Because lipid composition outcomes from complex metabolic and transport pathways, its experimental management has been a serious purpose of mechanistic membrane biology. Here, we argue that in the wake of artificial biology, comparable metabolic engineering methods could be utilized to manage the composition, physicochemical properties, and operate of cell membranes.
In one rising space, titratable expression platforms enable for particular and genome-wide alterations in lipid biosynthetic genes, offering analog management over lipidome stoichiometry in membranes. Simultaneously, heterologous expression of biosynthetic genes and pathways has allowed for gain-of-function experiments with various lipids in non-native techniques.
) BCIP (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE109 |
GeneOn |
1 g |
EUR 90 |
) CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE114 |
GeneOn |
1 g |
EUR 55 |
CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE115 |
GeneOn |
5 g |
EUR 131 |
CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE116 |
GeneOn |
25 g |
EUR 410 |
) DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE117 |
GeneOn |
5 mg |
EUR 60 |
DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE118 |
GeneOn |
25 mg |
EUR 133 |
DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE119 |
GeneOn |
100 mg |
EUR 319 |
) Dimethylsulfoxide (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE120 |
GeneOn |
100 ml |
EUR 55 |
Dimethylsulfoxide (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE121 |
GeneOn |
500 ml |
EUR 92 |
) DTT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE131 |
GeneOn |
5 g |
EUR 78 |
DTT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE132 |
GeneOn |
10 g |
EUR 111 |
DTT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE133 |
GeneOn |
25 g |
EUR 203 |
) Glycine (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE158 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 70 |
Glycine (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE159 |
GeneOn |
5 kg |
EUR 190 |
) HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE171 |
GeneOn |
100 g |
EUR 82 |
HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE172 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 224 |
HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE173 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 354 |
) Lysozyme (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE188 |
GeneOn |
1 g |
EUR 59 |
Lysozyme (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE189 |
GeneOn |
10 g |
EUR 206 |
) NAD (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE196 |
GeneOn |
1 g |
EUR 60 |
NAD (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE197 |
GeneOn |
5 g |
EUR 138 |
) NBT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE209 |
GeneOn |
1 g |
EUR 103 |
NBT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE210 |
GeneOn |
5 g |
EUR 300 |
) Tris (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE237 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 89 |
Tris (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE238 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 128 |
Tris (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE239 |
GeneOn |
5 kg |
EUR 446 |
) Tween20 (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE242 |
GeneOn |
1 l |
EUR 89 |
) Water (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE243 |
GeneOn |
500 ml |
EUR 52 |
Water (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE244 |
GeneOn |
1 l |
EUR 56 |
) Ammonium sulfate (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE105 |
GeneOn |
250 g |
EUR 46 |
Ammonium sulfate (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE106 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 60 |
Ammonium sulfate (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE107 |
GeneOn |
5 kg |
EUR 128 |
) Bis-Acrylamid (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE110 |
GeneOn |
50 g |
EUR 79 |
Bis-Acrylamid (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE111 |
GeneOn |
250 g |
EUR 216 |
) Formamide deionized (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE145 |
GeneOn |
500 ml |
EUR 73 |
Formamide deionized (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE146 |
GeneOn |
1 l |
EUR 100 |
) Glycerol 87 % (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE154 |
GeneOn |
1 l |
EUR 78 |
) Glycerol waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE155 |
GeneOn |
500 ml |
EUR 65 |
Glycerol waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE156 |
GeneOn |
1 l |
EUR 85 |
Glycerol waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE157 |
GeneOn |
2.5 l |
EUR 142 |
) Guanidine - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE160 |
GeneOn |
100 g |
EUR 78 |
Guanidine - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE161 |
GeneOn |
250 g |
EUR 128 |
Guanidine - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE162 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 194 |
Guanidine - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE163 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 294 |
) Guanidine Thiocyanate (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE164 |
GeneOn |
100 g |
EUR 72 |
Guanidine Thiocyanate (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE165 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 160 |
Guanidine Thiocyanate (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE166 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 256 |
) MOPS buffer (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE194 |
GeneOn |
100 g |
EUR 85 |
MOPS buffer (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE195 |
GeneOn |
250 g |
EUR 141 |
) Sodium chloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE205 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 52 |
Sodium chloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE206 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 59 |
Sodium chloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE207 |
GeneOn |
5 kg |
EUR 103 |
-Sucrose (Molecular Biology Grade)) D(+)-Sucrose (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE224 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 56 |
D(+)-Sucrose (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE225 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 70 |
D(+)-Sucrose (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE226 |
GeneOn |
5 kg |
EUR 173 |
) Tris - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE234 |
GeneOn |
250 g |
EUR 83 |
Tris - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE235 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 120 |
Tris - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE236 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 186 |
) TritonX-100 (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE240 |
GeneOn |
500 ml |
EUR 56 |
TritonX-100 (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE241 |
GeneOn |
1 l |
EUR 66 |
 Tween 20, Molecular Biology Grade |
|
T9100-010 |
GenDepot |
100ml |
EUR 72 |
Tween 20, Molecular Biology Grade |
|
T9100-050 |
GenDepot |
500ml |
EUR 111 |
Tween 20, Molecular Biology Grade |
|
T9100-100 |
GenDepot |
1L |
EUR 134 |
 Water, Ultrapure Molecular Biology Grade |
|
41024-4L |
Biotium |
4L |
EUR 121 |
|
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 4L |
) EDTA - Dinatriumsalz - Dihydrat (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE135 |
GeneOn |
250 g |
EUR 60 |
EDTA - Dinatriumsalz - Dihydrat (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE136 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 72 |
EDTA - Dinatriumsalz - Dihydrat (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE137 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 104 |
EDTA - Dinatriumsalz - Dihydrat (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE138 |
GeneOn |
5 kg |
EUR 349 |
-Glucose waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade)) D(+)-Glucose waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE148 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 56 |
D(+)-Glucose waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE149 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 63 |
D(+)-Glucose waterfree (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE150 |
GeneOn |
5 kg |
EUR 150 |
) Yeast extract powder (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE169 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 111 |
) Hyaluronidase Grade I (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE174 |
GeneOn |
1 g |
EUR 194 |
Hyaluronidase Grade I (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE175 |
GeneOn |
5 g |
EUR 767 |
) Magnesium acetate - Tetrahydrate (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE190 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 82 |
) NADH - Disodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE198 |
GeneOn |
1 g |
EUR 76 |
NADH - Disodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE199 |
GeneOn |
5 g |
EUR 204 |
) NADP - sodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE200 |
GeneOn |
250 mg |
EUR 77 |
NADP - sodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE201 |
GeneOn |
1 g |
EUR 159 |
) NADPH - Tetrasodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE202 |
GeneOn |
25 mg |
EUR 59 |
NADPH - Tetrasodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE203 |
GeneOn |
100 mg |
EUR 105 |
NADPH - Tetrasodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE204 |
GeneOn |
500 mg |
EUR 312 |
 (Molecular Biology Grade)) SSC Buffer (20X) (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE229 |
GeneOn |
1 l |
EUR 72 |
) XTT sodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE250 |
GeneOn |
100 mg |
EUR 174 |
XTT sodium salt (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE251 |
GeneOn |
500 mg |
EUR 510 |
 (Molecular Biology Grade)) Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE100 |
GeneOn |
50 g |
EUR 107 |
Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE101 |
GeneOn |
100 g |
EUR 161 |
Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE102 |
GeneOn |
250 g |
EUR 323 |
Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE103 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 547 |
Albumin fraction V (pH7,0) (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE104 |
GeneOn |
1 kg |
EUR 969 |
 (Molecular Biology Grade)) EDTA solution pH 8.0 (0.5 M) (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE141 |
GeneOn |
500 ml |
EUR 73 |
) LB-Agar - Powder according to Lennox (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE178 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 91 |
LB-Agar - Powder according to Lennox (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE179 |
GeneOn |
2.5 kg |
EUR 251 |
) LB-Agar - Powder according to Miller (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE180 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 87 |
LB-Agar - Powder according to Miller (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE181 |
GeneOn |
2.5 kg |
EUR 246 |
) LB-Medium - Powder according to Lennox (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE182 |
GeneOn |
500 g |
EUR 90 |
LB-Medium - Powder according to Lennox (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE183 |
GeneOn |
2.5 kg |
EUR 251 |
) LB-Medium - Powder according to Miller (Molecular Biology Grade) |
|
CE184 |
GeneOn |
2.5 kg |
EUR 246 |
 Agarose LE, Ultra-Pure Molecular Biology Grade, 100 g |
|
41028-100G |
Biotium |
100G |
EUR 222 |
|
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 100G |
 Agarose LE, Ultra-Pure Molecular Biology Grade, 25 g |
|
41028-25G |
Biotium |
25G |
EUR 109 |
|
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 25G |
 Agarose LE, Ultra-Pure Molecular Biology Grade, 500 g |
|
41028-500G |
Biotium |
500G |
EUR 719 |
|
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 500G |
 AGAROSE LE, LOW EEO, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 100G PER UNIT |
|
AGR-LE-100 |
CORNING |
1/pk |
EUR 168 |
|
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose |
 AGAROSE LE, LOW EEO, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 500G/UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE |
|
AGR-LE-5001 |
CORNING |
1/pk |
EUR 3058 |
|
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose |
 AGAROSE MS, PCR SCREENING, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 100G/UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE |
|
AGR-MS-1001 |
CORNING |
1/pk |
EUR 2038 |
|
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose |
 100 ML, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE WATER; TESTED TO USP STERILE PURIFIED WATER SPECIFICATIONS |
|
46-000-CI |
CORNING |
100 mL/pk |
EUR 57 |
|
Description: Media Catalog; Sterile Wi-Fi Qual, Cell |
 1 L, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE WATER; TESTED TO USP STERILE PURIFIED WATER SPECIFICATIONS |
|
46-000-CM |
CORNING |
1L/pk |
EUR 98 |
|
Description: Media Catalog; Sterile Wi-Fi Qual, Cell |
 500 ML, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE WATER; TESTED TO USP STERILE PURIFIED WATER SPECIFICATIONS |
|
46-000-CV |
CORNING |
500 mL/pk |
EUR 106 |
|
Description: Media Catalog; Sterile Wi-Fi Qual, Cell |
 AGAROSE LE, LOW EEO, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 100G PER UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE |
|
AGR-LE-1001 |
CORNING |
1/pk |
EUR 772 |
|
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose |
) AGAROSE LM, LOW MELTING, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 100G/UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE (AL) |
|
AGR-LM-1001 |
CORNING |
1/pk |
EUR 3737 |
|
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose |
) AGAROSE LM, LOW MELTING, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GRADE, 50G/UNIT, 10 UNITS PER CASE (AL) |
|
AGR-LM-501 |
CORNING |
1/pk |
EUR 2075 |
|
Description: Bioscience Mol Bio; Agarose |
 Water Phenol |
|
abx082109-250ml |
Abbexa |
250 ml |
EUR 189 |
|
|
) ELISA kit for Human PST (Phenol Sulfotransferase) |
|
ELK3246 |
ELK Biotech |
1 plate of 96 wells |
EUR 432 |
|
|
|
Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Phenol Sulfotransferase from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. |
) ELISA kit for Mouse PST (Phenol Sulfotransferase) |
|
ELK3642 |
ELK Biotech |
1 plate of 96 wells |
EUR 432 |
|
|
|
Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Phenol Sulfotransferase from Mouse in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. |
) ELISA kit for Rat PST (Phenol Sulfotransferase) |
|
ELK6740 |
ELK Biotech |
1 plate of 96 wells |
EUR 432 |
|
|
|
Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Phenol Sulfotransferase from Rat in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. |
) Phenol, saturated (pH7.9) |
|
PC6910 |
Bio Basic |
100ml |
EUR 76.1 |
|
|
) Phenol, saturated (pH4.5) |
|
PC6920 |
Bio Basic |
100ml |
EUR 76.1 |
|
|
phenol) 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol |
|
20-abx185699 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 314.00
-
EUR 1442.00
-
EUR 592.00
|
|
|
|
phenol) 3-(Aminomethyl)phenol |
|
20-abx185751 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 425.00
-
EUR 2277.00
-
EUR 857.00
|
|
|
|
 Phenol, 4-propoxy- |
|
20-abx184303 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
|
 Phenol Red Solution |
|
CA013-010 |
GenDepot |
100ml |
EUR 69 |
 30UL CLEAR PIPET TIPS FOR MOLECULAR DEVICE LIBERTY. |
|
LT-384-R |
CORNING |
3840/pk |
EUR 2193 |
|
Description: Robotic Tips; Robotic tips - Axygen |
 Molecular Weight Marker |
|
abx098957-15ul |
Abbexa |
15 ul |
EUR 105 |
|
|
 Agarose, Molecular Grade |
|
BIO-41025 |
Bioline |
500g |
Ask for price |
 Agarose, Molecular Grade |
|
BIO-41026 |
Bioline |
100g |
Ask for price |
) Recombinant Phenol Sulfotransferase (PST) |
|
4-RPB268Hu01 |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 481.70
-
EUR 232.00
-
EUR 1531.36
-
EUR 577.12
-
EUR 1054.24
-
EUR 385.00
-
EUR 3678.40
|
-
100 ug
-
10ug
-
1 mg
-
200 ug
-
500 ug
-
50ug
-
5 mg
|
|
|
|
Description: Recombinant Human Phenol Sulfotransferase expressed in: E.coli |
Recombinant Phenol Sulfotransferase (PST) |
|
4-RPB268Mu01 |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 490.66
-
EUR 234.00
-
EUR 1564.96
-
EUR 588.32
-
EUR 1076.64
-
EUR 391.00
-
EUR 3762.40
|
-
100 ug
-
10ug
-
1 mg
-
200 ug
-
500 ug
-
50ug
-
5 mg
|
|
|
|
Description: Recombinant Mouse Phenol Sulfotransferase expressed in: E.coli |
Finally, we spotlight future instructions for software improvement, together with not too long ago found lipid transport pathways to intracellular lipid swimming pools. Further software improvement offering artificial management of membrane properties can enable biologists to untangle membrane lipid structure-associated features.
phenol)