This introductory chapter describes the life cycle of Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast illness. During plant an infection, M. oryzae varieties a specialised an infection construction known as an appressorium, which generates monumental turgor, utilized as a mechanical drive to breach the rice cuticle. Appressoria kind in response to bodily cues from the hydrophobic rice leaf cuticle and nutrient availability.
The signaling pathways concerned in notion of floor alerts are described and the mechanism by which appressoria operate can be launched. Re-polarization of the appressorium requires a septin advanced to prepare a toroidal F-actin community at the base of the cell. Septin aggregation requires a turgor-dependent sensor kinase, Sln1, vital for re-polarization of the appressorium and improvement of a inflexible penetration hypha to rupture the leaf cuticle.
Once inside the plant, the fungus undergoes secretion of a big set of effector proteins, many of that are directed into plant cells utilizing a particular secretory pathway. Here they suppress plant immunity, however can be perceived by rice immune receptors, triggering resistances. M. oryzae then manipulates pit subject websites, containing plasmodesmata, to facilitate speedy unfold from cell to cell in plant tissue, resulting in illness symptom improvement.
In-Cell Labeling and Mass Spectrometry for Systems-Level Structural Biology
Biological programs have developed to make the most of proteins to perform almost all practical roles wanted to maintain life. A majority of organic capabilities happen inside the crowded atmosphere inside cells and subcellular compartments the place proteins exist in a densely packed advanced community of protein-protein interactions. The structural biology subject has skilled a renaissance with latest advances in crystallography, NMR, and CryoEM that now produce beautiful fashions of giant and complicated buildings beforehand unimaginable.
Nevertheless, measurements of such structural element inside mobile environments stay elusive. This overview will spotlight how advances in mass spectrometry, chemical labeling, and informatics capabilities are merging to offer structural insights on proteins, complexes, and networks that exist inside cells. Because of the molecular detection specificity supplied by mass spectrometry and proteomics, these approaches present systems-level info that not solely advantages from typical structural evaluation, but additionally is extremely complementary.
Although removed from complete of their present kind, these approaches are at present offering programs structural biology info that may uniquely reveal how conformations and interactions involving many proteins change inside cells with perturbations comparable to illness, drug therapy, or phenotypic variations. With continued developments and extra widespread adaptation, programs structural biology primarily based on in-cell labeling and mass spectrometry will present an excellent higher wealth of structural data.
The Role of Melanin in the Biology and Ecology of Nematophagous Fungi
Melanin is a heteropolymer fashioned by the polymerization of phenolic and indolic compounds. It happens in organisms throughout all organic kingdoms and has a spread totally different of capabilities, thus indicating its essential evolutionary position. The presence of melanin gives a number of protecting benefits, together with in opposition to ultraviolet radiation, traumatic injury, oxidative stress, excessive temperatures, and stress. For many species of fungi, melanin additionally participates straight in the course of of virulence and pathogenicity.
These organisms can synthesize melanin in two foremost methods: utilizing a substrate of endogenous origin, involving 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN); alternatively, in an exogenous method with the addition of L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA or levodopa). As melanin is an amorphous and complicated substance, its examine requires costly and inaccessible applied sciences and analyses are sometimes tough to carry out with typical biochemical methods.
As such, particulars about its chemical construction will not be but absolutely understood, notably for nematophagous fungi that stay poorly studied. Thus, this overview presents an outline of the differing kinds of melanin, with an emphasis on fungi, and discusses the position of melanin in the biology and ecology of nematophagous fungi.
Systems Medicine Design primarily based on Systems Biology Approaches and Deep Neural Network for Gastric Cancer
Gastric most cancers (GC) is the third main trigger of most cancers demise in the world. It is related to the stimulation of microenvironment, aberrant epigenetic modification, and persistent irritation. However, few researches focus on the GC molecular development mechanisms from the perspective of the system degree. In this examine, we proposed a programs drugs design process to establish important biomarkers and discover corresponding medicine for GC.
At first, we did massive database mining to assemble candidate protein-protein interplay community (PPIN) and candidate gene regulation community (GRN). Secondly, by leveraging the next-generation sequencing (NGS) knowledge, we carried out system modeling and utilized system identification and mannequin choice to acquire actual genome-wide genetic and epigenetic networks (GWGENs).
Guanidine Thiocyanate (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE166 | GeneOn | 1 kg | EUR 307.2 |
Tris - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE234 | GeneOn | 250 g | EUR 99.6 |
Tris - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE235 | GeneOn | 500 g | EUR 144 |
Tris - Hydrochloride (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE236 | GeneOn | 1 kg | EUR 223.2 |
Guanidine thiocyanate?For Molecular Biol |
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MB015-1KG | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 118.81 |
Description: Guanidine thiocyanate?For Molecular Biol |
Guanidine thiocyanate?For Molecular Biol |
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MB015-500G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 79.2 |
Description: Guanidine thiocyanate?For Molecular Biol |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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09860-25 | NACALAI TESQUE | 500G | EUR 224 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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17318-24 | NACALAI TESQUE | 10KG | EUR 742 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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17318-82 | NACALAI TESQUE | 25G | EUR 14 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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17318-95 | NACALAI TESQUE | 500G | EUR 68.6 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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17319-14 | NACALAI TESQUE | 100G | EUR 32.2 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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17319-85 | NACALAI TESQUE | 500G | EUR 84 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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17353-25 | NACALAI TESQUE | 500G | EUR 147 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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18-206 | Genesee Scientific | 500g/Unit | EUR 191.53 |
Description: Molecular/Proteomic Grade |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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40700060-1 | Glycomatrix | 100 g | EUR 36.33 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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40700060-2 | Glycomatrix | 500 g | EUR 89.21 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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40700060-3 | Glycomatrix | 1 kg | EUR 153.37 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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G821245 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10g | EUR 63 |
Description: 50-01-1 |
Guanidine hydrochloride |
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GB0242 | Bio Basic | 100g | EUR 80.88 |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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A2719-100G | Biomatik Corporation | 100G | EUR 30.8 |
Description: Biotechnology |
Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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A2719-500G | Biomatik Corporation | 500G | EUR 97.9 |
Description: Biotechnology |
Guanidine (hydrochloride) |
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HY-B0178A | MedChemExpress | 50g | EUR 159.6 |
Guanidine hydrochloride |
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T0415-10mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 10mg | Ask for price |
Description: Guanidine hydrochloride |
Guanidine hydrochloride |
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T0415-1g | TargetMol Chemicals | 1g | Ask for price |
Description: Guanidine hydrochloride |
Guanidine hydrochloride |
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T0415-1mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 1mg | Ask for price |
Description: Guanidine hydrochloride |
Guanidine hydrochloride |
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T0415-50mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 50mg | Ask for price |
Description: Guanidine hydrochloride |
Guanidine hydrochloride |
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T0415-5mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 5mg | Ask for price |
Description: Guanidine hydrochloride |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-1 | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 | EUR 79.1 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-100 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 | EUR 15.9 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-100G | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 g | EUR 55.2 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-1KG | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 kg | EUR 132 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-25 | Glentham Life Sciences | 25 | EUR 13 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-250 | Glentham Life Sciences | 250 | EUR 23.8 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-250G | Glentham Life Sciences | 250 g | EUR 64.8 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-25G | Glentham Life Sciences | 25 g | EUR 50.4 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 | EUR 43.5 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, 99% |
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GE1914-500G | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 g | EUR 88.8 |
Guanidine hydrochloride powder |
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G05320 | Pfaltz & Bauer | 100G | EUR 126.5 |
Guanidine-15N3 Hydrochloride |
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G821249 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 25mg | EUR 1200 |
Description: 121616-39-5 |
Guanidine hydrochloride solution, 8M |
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GE1001-100 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 | EUR 120.5 |
Guanidine hydrochloride solution, 8M |
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GE1001-500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 | EUR 421.8 |
Guanidine hydrochloride solution, 6M |
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GE4739-1 | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 | EUR 711.9 |
Guanidine hydrochloride solution, 6M |
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GE4739-100 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 | EUR 118.7 |
Guanidine hydrochloride solution, 6M |
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GE4739-500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 | EUR 408.1 |
Guanidine hydrochloride, Hi-LR™ |
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GRM1504-100G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 46.61 |
Description: Guanidine hydrochloride, Hi-LR™ |
Guanidine hydrochloride, Hi-LR™ |
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GRM1504-25G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 13.32 |
Description: Guanidine hydrochloride, Hi-LR™ |
Guanidine hydrochloride (6 M) solution |
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B1013-1L | Biovision | each | EUR 301.2 |
Guanidine hydrochloride (6 M) solution |
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B1013-4L | Biovision | each | EUR 705.6 |
1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
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T50030-10mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 10mg | Ask for price |
Description: 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
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T50030-1g | TargetMol Chemicals | 1g | Ask for price |
Description: 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
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T50030-1mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 1mg | Ask for price |
Description: 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
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T50030-50mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 50mg | Ask for price |
Description: 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
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T50030-5mg | TargetMol Chemicals | 5mg | Ask for price |
Description: 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)guanidine hydrochloride |
N-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)guanidine Hydrochloride |
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D470625 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 10g | EUR 800 |
Description: 855890-38-9 |
N-Cyano-N'-(6-guanidinohexyl) Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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C655610 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 250mg | EUR 400 |
N-(4-Methyl-2-thiazolyl)-guanidine hydrochloride |
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M331435 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 100mg | EUR 58 |
Description: 100599-91-5 |
N-(6-Aminohexyl)-N'-(6-guanidinohexyl) Guanidine Hydrochloride |
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A544590 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 50mg | EUR 6000 |
Casein, for Molecular Biology |
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MB279-100G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 110.77 |
Description: Casein, for Molecular Biology |
Casein, for Molecular Biology |
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MB279-500G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 387.65 |
Description: Casein, for Molecular Biology |
1-(4-Chloromethyl-2-thiazoyl)guanidine Hydrochloride Salt |
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C369545 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 1g | EUR 146 |
Urea, suitable for molecular biology |
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GE1210-1 | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 | EUR 58 |
Urea, suitable for molecular biology |
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GE1210-1KG | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 kg | EUR 106.8 |
Urea, suitable for molecular biology |
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GE1210-500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 | EUR 33.1 |
Urea, suitable for molecular biology |
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GE1210-500G | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 g | EUR 76.8 |
2-Mercaptoethanol ?For Molecular Biology |
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MB041-100ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 9.02 |
Description: 2-Mercaptoethanol ?For Molecular Biology |
2-Mercaptoethanol ?For Molecular Biology |
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MB041-500ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 26.47 |
Description: 2-Mercaptoethanol ?For Molecular Biology |
Sodium chloride, suitable for molecular biology |
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GE0307-1 | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 | EUR 45.2 |
Sucrose, GlenBiol, suitable for molecular biology |
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GC3201-1KG | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 kg | EUR 90 |
Molecular Biology Grade Water for RT-PCR |
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ML065-1.5ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 7.82 |
Description: Molecular Biology Grade Water for RT-PCR |
Pyridine, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology with molecular sieve |
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GS8780-2500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500 | EUR 249.8 |
DTT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE131 | GeneOn | 5 g | EUR 93.6 |
DTT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE132 | GeneOn | 10 g | EUR 133.2 |
DTT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE133 | GeneOn | 25 g | EUR 243.6 |
NAD (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE196 | GeneOn | 1 g | EUR 72 |
NAD (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE197 | GeneOn | 5 g | EUR 165.6 |
NBT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE209 | GeneOn | 1 g | EUR 123.6 |
NBT (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE210 | GeneOn | 5 g | EUR 360 |
Sucrose, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology |
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GC3201-1 | Glentham Life Sciences | 1 | EUR 45.1 |
EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40500028-2 | Glycomatrix | 50 g | EUR 106.43 |
EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40500028-3 | Glycomatrix | 100 g | EUR 177.58 |
EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40500028-4 | Glycomatrix | 500 g | EUR 603.19 |
EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40500028-5 | Glycomatrix | 1 kg | EUR 912.98 |
EGTA, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40500028-6 | Glycomatrix | 2 kg | EUR 1687.94 |
DMSO, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40470006-1 | Glycomatrix | 100 mL | EUR 88.18 |
DMSO, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40470006-2 | Glycomatrix | 250 mL | EUR 150.19 |
DMSO, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40470006-3 | Glycomatrix | 500 mL | EUR 279.26 |
BCIP (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE108 | GeneOn | 250 mg | EUR 75.6 |
BCIP (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE109 | GeneOn | 1 g | EUR 108 |
DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE117 | GeneOn | 5 mg | EUR 72 |
DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE118 | GeneOn | 25 mg | EUR 159.6 |
DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE119 | GeneOn | 100 mg | EUR 382.8 |
Tris (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE237 | GeneOn | 500 g | EUR 106.8 |
Tris (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE238 | GeneOn | 1 kg | EUR 153.6 |
Tris (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE239 | GeneOn | 5 kg | EUR 535.2 |
Pyridine, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology |
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GS6659-2500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500 | EUR 240.3 |
Pyridine, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology |
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GS6659-500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 500 | EUR 95.8 |
Formamide, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology |
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GS9663-100 | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 | EUR 48.9 |
CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE114 | GeneOn | 1 g | EUR 66 |
CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE115 | GeneOn | 5 g | EUR 157.2 |
CHAPS (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE116 | GeneOn | 25 g | EUR 492 |
HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE171 | GeneOn | 100 g | EUR 98.4 |
HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE172 | GeneOn | 500 g | EUR 268.8 |
HEPES (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE173 | GeneOn | 1 kg | EUR 424.8 |
Water (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE243 | GeneOn | 500 ml | EUR 62.4 |
Water (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE244 | GeneOn | 1 l | EUR 67.2 |
Molecular Biology Grade Water |
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ML024-100ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 3.54 |
Description: Molecular Biology Grade Water |
Molecular Biology Grade Water |
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ML024-10X100ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 29.52 |
Description: Molecular Biology Grade Water |
Molecular Biology Grade Water |
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ML024-10X500ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 87.91 |
Description: Molecular Biology Grade Water |
Molecular Biology Grade Water |
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ML024-500ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 12.56 |
Description: Molecular Biology Grade Water |
Molecular Biology Grade Water |
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ML064-100ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 3.67 |
Description: Molecular Biology Grade Water |
Molecular Biology Grade Water |
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ML064-10X100ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 25.38 |
Description: Molecular Biology Grade Water |
Molecular Biology Grade Water |
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ML064-500ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 10.81 |
Description: Molecular Biology Grade Water |
Agarose, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40100164-1 | Bio-WORLD | 25 g | Ask for price |
Agarose, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40100164-2 | Bio-WORLD | 50 g | Ask for price |
Agarose, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40100164-3 | Bio-WORLD | 100 g | Ask for price |
Agarose, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40100164-4 | Bio-WORLD | 500 g | Ask for price |
Agarose, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40100164-5 | Bio-WORLD | 1 kg | Ask for price |
Glycine (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE158 | GeneOn | 1 kg | EUR 84 |
Glycine (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE159 | GeneOn | 5 kg | EUR 228 |
Tween20 (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE242 | GeneOn | 1 l | EUR 106.8 |
Agarose (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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abx299715-100g | Abbexa | 100 µg | Ask for price |
Agarose (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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abx299715-20g | Abbexa | 20 µg | EUR 525 |
Agarose (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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abx299715-50g | Abbexa | 50 µg | Ask for price |
Lysozyme (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE188 | GeneOn | 1 g | EUR 70.8 |
Lysozyme (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE189 | GeneOn | 10 g | EUR 247.2 |
Lysozyme (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE189L | GeneOn | 50 g | EUR 310 |
Lysozyme (Molecular Biology Grade) |
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CE189XL | GeneOn | 250 g | EUR 1050 |
OORA00229-1L - Molecular Biology Grade UltraPure Water |
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OORA00229-1L | Aviva Systems Biology | 1L | EUR 149 |
OORA00230-1L - Molecular Biology Grade UltraPure Water |
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OORA00230-1L | Aviva Systems Biology | 1L | EUR 279 |
Dimethylformamide, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology with molecular sieve |
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GS3406-2500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500 | EUR 116.2 |
"10X PBS, Molecular Biology Grade" |
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ML023-100ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 17.65 |
Description: "10X PBS, Molecular Biology Grade" |
10X PBS, Molecular Biology Grade |
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ML023-500ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 38.97 |
Description: 10X PBS, Molecular Biology Grade |
"10X TBS, Molecular Biology Grade" |
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ML029-100ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 19.04 |
Description: "10X TBS, Molecular Biology Grade" |
"10X TBS, Molecular Biology Grade" |
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ML029-500ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 40.48 |
Description: "10X TBS, Molecular Biology Grade" |
10X TBS, Molecular Biology Grade |
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ML029-6X500ML | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | EUR 138.56 |
Description: 10X TBS, Molecular Biology Grade |
Agarose, low EEO, GlenBiol, suitable for molecular biology |
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GE6258-100G | Glentham Life Sciences | 100 g | EUR 217.2 |
OORA00218-100IU - DNA Ligase T4 Molecular Biology Grade |
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OORA00218-100IU | Aviva Systems Biology | 100Units | EUR 129 |
Tween 20, Molecular Biology Grade |
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T9100-010 | GenDepot | 100ml | EUR 86.4 |
Tween 20, Molecular Biology Grade |
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T9100-050 | GenDepot | 500ml | EUR 133.2 |
Tween 20, Molecular Biology Grade |
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T9100-100 | GenDepot | 1L | EUR 160.8 |
Dimethylformamide, GlenBiol™, suitable for molecular biology |
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GS6580-2500 | Glentham Life Sciences | 2500 | EUR 107.3 |
100mL Molecular Biology Grade - PK6 |
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46-000-CI | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | PK6 | EUR 83.7 |
500mL Molecular Biology Grade - PK6 |
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46-000-CV | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | PK6 | EUR 155.25 |
Boric Acid, Molecular Biology Grade |
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40200060-1 | Glycomatrix | 500 g | EUR 46.16 |
To make the actual GWGENs straightforward to research, the principal community projection technique was used to extract the core signaling pathways denoted by KEGG pathways. Subsequently, primarily based on the recognized biomarkers, we skilled a deep neural community of drug-target interplay (DeepDTI) with supervised studying and filtered our candidate medicine contemplating drug regulation potential and drug sensitivity. With the proposed systematic technique, we not solely shed the mild on the development of GC but additionally prompt potential multiple-molecule medicine effectively.